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Biological conversion pathways of sulfate reduction ammonium oxidation in anammox consortia

Zhen Bi, Deqing Wanyan, Xiang Li, Yong Huang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1217-1

摘要： The SRAO phenomena tended to occur only under certain conditions. High amount of biomass and non-anaerobic condition is requirement for SRAO. Anammox bacteria cannot oxidize ammonium with sulfate as electron acceptor. AOB and AnAOB are mainly responsible for ammonium conversion. Heterotrophic sulfate reduction mainly contributed to sulfate conversion. For over two decades, sulfate reduction with ammonium oxidation (SRAO) had been reported from laboratory experiments. SRAO was considered an autotrophic process mediated by anammox bacteria, in which ammonium as electron donor was oxidized by the electron acceptor sulfate. This process had been attributed to observed transformations of nitrogenous and sulfurous compounds in natural environments. Results obtained differed largely for the conversion mole ratios (ammonium/sulfate), and even the intermediate and final products of sulfate reduction. Thus, the hypothesis of biological conversion pathways of ammonium and sulfate in anammox consortia is implausible. In this study, continuous reactor experiments (with working volume of 3.8L) and batch tests were conducted under normal anaerobic (0.2≤DO<0.5 mg/L) / strict anaerobic (DO<0.2 mg/L) conditions with different biomass proportions to verify the SRAO phenomena and identify possible pathways behind substrate conversion. Key findings were that SRAO occurred only in cases of high amounts of inoculant biomass under normal anaerobic condition, while absent under strict anaerobic conditions for same anammox consortia. Mass balance and stoichiometry were checked based on experimental results and the thermodynamics proposed by previous studies were critically discussed. Thus anammox bacteria do not possess the ability to oxidize ammonium with sulfate as electron acceptor and the assumed SRAO could, in fact, be a combination of aerobic ammonium oxidation, anammox and heterotrophic sulfate reduction processes.

关键词： Anammox bacteria     Autotrophic     Biological conversion     Sulfate reducing ammonium oxidation (SRAO)    

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Machinability of ultrasonic vibration-assisted micro-grinding in biological bone using nanolubricant

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第18卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0717-z

摘要： Bone grinding is an essential and vital procedure in most surgical operations. Currently, the insufficient cooling capacity of dry grinding, poor visibility of drip irrigation surgery area, and large grinding force leading to high grinding temperature are the technical bottlenecks of micro-grinding. A new micro-grinding process called ultrasonic vibration-assisted nanoparticle jet mist cooling (U-NJMC) is innovatively proposed to solve the technical problem. It combines the advantages of ultrasonic vibration (UV) and nanoparticle jet mist cooling (NJMC). Notwithstanding, the combined effect of multi parameter collaborative of U-NJMC on cooling has not been investigated. The grinding force, friction coefficient, specific grinding energy, and grinding temperature under dry, drip irrigation, UV, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), NJMC, and U-NJMC micro-grinding were compared and analyzed. Results showed that the minimum normal grinding force and tangential grinding force of U-NJMC micro-grinding were 1.39 and 0.32 N, which were 75.1% and 82.9% less than those in dry grinding, respectively. The minimum friction coefficient and specific grinding energy were achieved using U-NJMC. Compared with dry, drip, UV, MQL, and NJMC grinding, the friction coefficient of U-NJMC was decreased by 31.3%, 17.0%, 19.0%, 9.8%, and 12.5%, respectively, and the specific grinding energy was decreased by 83.0%, 72.7%, 77.8%, 52.3%, and 64.7%, respectively. Compared with UV or NJMC alone, the grinding temperature of U-NJMC was decreased by 33.5% and 10.0%, respectively. These results showed that U-NJMC provides a novel approach for clinical surgical micro-grinding of biological bone.

关键词： micro-grinding     biological bone     ultrasonic vibration (UV)     nanoparticle jet mist cooling (NJMC)     grinding force     grinding temperature    

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Microorganism-derived biological macromolecules for tissue engineering

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第3期   页码 358-377 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0903-0

摘要： According to literature, certain microorganism productions mediate biological effects. However, their beneficial characteristics remain unclear. Nowadays, scientists concentrate on obtaining natural materials from live creatures as new sources to produce innovative smart biomaterials for increasing tissue reconstruction in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The present review aims to introduce microorganism-derived biological macromolecules, such as pullulan, alginate, dextran, curdlan, and hyaluronic acid, and their available sources for tissue engineering. Growing evidence indicates that these materials can be used as biological material in scaffolds to enhance regeneration in damaged tissues and contribute to cosmetic and dermatological applications. These natural-based materials are attractive in pharmaceutical, regenerative medicine, and biomedical applications. This study provides a detailed overview of natural-based biomaterials, their chemical and physical properties, and new directions for future research and therapeutic applications.

关键词： biological macromolecules     regenerative medicine     tissue engineering     exopolysaccharide     carbohydrate    

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Hydrogel photocatalysts for efficient energy conversion and environmental treatment

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期   页码 577-595 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0756-x

摘要： Photocatalysts have attracted great research interest owing to their excellent properties and potential for simultaneously addressing challenges related to energy needs and environmental pollution. Photocatalytic particles need to be in contact with their respective media to exhibit efficient photocatalytic performances. However, it is difficult to separate nanometer-sized photocatalytic materials from reaction media later, which may lead to secondary pollution and a poor recycling performance. Hydrogel photocatalysts with a three-dimensional (3D) network structures are promising support materials for photocatalysts based on features such as high specific surface areas and adsorption capacities and good environmental compatibility. In this review, hydrogel photocatalysts are classified into two different categories depending on their elemental composition and recent progresses in the methods for preparing hydrogel photocatalysts are summarized. Moreover, current applications of hydrogel photocatalysts in energy conversion and environmental remediation are reviewed. Furthermore, a comprehensive outlook and highlight future challenges in the development of hydrogel photocatalysts are presented.

关键词： hydrogel     photocatalysts     energy conversion     environmental treatment    

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Low intensity ultrasound stimulates biological activity of aerobic activated sludge

LIU Hong, YAN Yixin, WANG Wenyan, YU Yongyong

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第1期   页码 67-72 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0013-5

摘要： This work aims to explore a procedure to improve biological wastewater treatment efficiency using low intensity ultrasound. The aerobic activated sludge from a municipal wastewater treatment plant was used as the experimental material. Oxygen uptake rate (OUR) of the activated sludge (AS) was determined to indicate the changes of AS activity stimulated by ultrasound at 35 kHz for 0 40 min with ultrasonic intensities of 0 1.2 W/cm. The highest OUR was observed at the ultrasonic intensity of 0.3 W/cm and an irradiation period of 10 min; more than 15% increase was achieved immediately after sonication. More significantly, the AS activity stimulated by ultrasound could last 24 h after sonication, and the AS activity achieved its peak value within 8 h after sonication, or nearly 100% higher than the initial level after sonication. Therefore, to improve the wastewater treatment efficiency of bioreactors, ultrasound with an intensity of 0.3 W/cm could be employed to irradiate a part of the AS in the bioreactor for 10 min every 8 h.

关键词： sonication     irradiation     kHz     treatment efficiency     AS activity    

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Sustainable conversion regenerated cellulose into cellulose oleate by sonochemistry

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第8期   页码 1096-1108 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2317-9

摘要： Derivatization has great potential for the high-value utilization of cellulose by enhancing its processability and functionality. However, due to the low reactivity of natural cellulose, it remains challenging to rapidly prepare cellulose derivatives with high degrees of substitution. The “cavitation effect” of ultrasound can reduce the particle size and crystalline index of cellulose, which provides a possible method for preparing cellulose derivatives. Herein, a feasible method was proposed for efficiently converting regenerated cellulose to cellulose oleate with the assistance of ultrasonic treatment. By adjusting the reaction conditions including ultrasonic intensity, feeding ratios of oleic acid, reaction time, and reaction solvent, a series of cellulose oleates with degrees of substitution ranging from 0.37 to 1.71 were synthesized. Additionally, the effects of different reaction conditions on the chemical structures, crystalline structures, and thermal behaviors were investigated thoroughly. Cellulose oleates with degrees of substitution exceeding 1.23 exhibited amorphous structures and thermoplasticity with glass transition temperatures at 159.8 to 172.6 °C. This study presented a sustainable and practicable method for effectively derivatizing cellulose.

关键词： regenerated cellulose     cellulose oleate     sonochemistry     degree of substitution     thermoplasticity    

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Dynamic contribution of variable-speed wind energy conversion system in system frequency regulation

Yajvender Pal VERMA, Ashwani KUMAR

《能源前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第2期   页码 184-192 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0185-y

摘要： Frequency regulation in a generation mix having large wind power penetration is a critical issue, as wind units isolate from the grid during disturbances with advanced power electronics controllers and reduce equivalent system inertia. Thus, it is important that wind turbines also contribute to system frequency control. This paper examines the dynamic contribution of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind turbine in system frequency regulation. The modified inertial support scheme is proposed which helps the DFIG to provide the short term transient active power support to the grid during transients and arrests the fall in frequency. The frequency deviation is considered by the controller to provide the inertial control. An additional reference power output is used which helps the DFIG to release kinetic energy stored in rotating masses of the turbine. The optimal speed control parameters have been used for the DFIG to increases its participation in frequency control. The simulations carried out in a two-area interconnected power system demonstrate the contribution of the DFIG in load frequency control.

关键词： doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)     load frequency control     inertial control     wind energy conversion system (WECS)    

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Overlooked nitrogen-cycling microorganisms in biological wastewater treatment

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1426-2

摘要：

• AOA and comammox bacteria can be more abundant and active than AOB/NOB at WWTPs.

关键词： Ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA)     Complete ammonia oxidizing (comammox) bacteria     Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) bacteria     Nitrate/nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidizing (NOx-DAMO) microorganisms     Engineering application    

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Mechanical behavior and semiempirical force model of aerospace aluminum alloy milling using nano biological

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第18卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0720-4

摘要： Aerospace aluminum alloy is the most used structural material for rockets, aircraft, spacecraft, and space stations. The deterioration of surface integrity of dry machining and the insufficient heat transfer capacity of minimal quantity lubrication have become the bottleneck of lubrication and heat dissipation of aerospace aluminum alloy. However, the excellent thermal conductivity and tribological properties of nanofluids are expected to fill this gap. The traditional milling force models are mainly based on empirical models and finite element simulations, which are insufficient to guide industrial manufacturing. In this study, the milling force of the integral end milling cutter is deduced by force analysis of the milling cutter element and numerical simulation. The instantaneous milling force model of the integral end milling cutter is established under the condition of dry and nanofluid minimal quantity lubrication (NMQL) based on the dual mechanism of the shear effect on the rake face of the milling cutter and the plow cutting effect on the flank surface. A single factor experiment is designed to introduce NMQL and the milling feed factor into the instantaneous milling force coefficient. The average absolute errors in the prediction of milling forces for the NMQL are 13.3%, 2.3%, and 7.6% in the x-, y-, and z-direction, respectively. Compared with the milling forces obtained by dry milling, those by NMQL decrease by 21.4%, 17.7%, and 18.5% in the x-, y-, and z-direction, respectively.

关键词： milling     force     nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication     aerospace aluminum alloy     nano biological lubricant    

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ROOT EXUDATES FROM CANOLA EXHIBIT BIOLOGICAL NITRIFICATION INHIBITION AND ARE EFFECTIVE IN INHIBITING

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第2期   页码 177-186 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021421

摘要：

A range of plant species produce root exudates that inhibit ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms. This biological nitrification inhibition (BNI) capacity can decrease N loss and increase N uptake from the rhizosphere. This study sought evidence for the existence and magnitude of BNI capacity in canola ( Brassica napus). Seedlings of three canola cultivars, Brachiaria humidicola(BNI positive) and wheat ( Triticum aestivum) were grown in a hydroponic system. Root exudates were collected and their inhibition of the ammonia oxidizing bacterium, Nitrosospira multiformis, was tested. Subsequent pot experiments were used to test the inhibition of native nitrifying communities in soil. Root exudates from canola significantly reduced nitrification rates of both N. multiformis cultures and native soil microbial communities. The level of nitrification inhibition across the three cultivars was similar to the well-studied high-BNI species B. humidicola. BNI capacity of canola may have implications for the N dynamics in farming systems and the N uptake efficiency of crops in rotational farming systems. By reducing nitrification rates canola crops may decrease N losses, increase plant N uptake and encourage microbial N immobilization and subsequently increase the pool of organic N that is available for mineralization during the following cereal crops.

关键词： ammonia oxidizing microorganisms / biological nitrification inhibition / farming rotations / nitrogen cycling / nitrogen use efficiency    

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Micro/nanofluidics-enabled energy conversion and its implemented devices

Yang YANG, Jing LIU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 270-287 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0126-6

摘要： Most people were not aware of the role of energy as a basic force that drives the development and economic growth of the world until the two great oil crises occurred. According to the conservation law, energy not only exists in various forms but is also capable of being converted from one form to another. The common forms of energy are mechanical energy, chemical energy, internal energy, electrical energy, atomic energy, and electromagnetic energy, among others. The fluids in nature serve as the most common carriers and media in the energy conversion process. Following the rapid development of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology, the energy supply and conversion issue in micro/nano scale has also been introduced in research laboratories worldwide. With unremitting efforts, great quantities of micro/nano scale energy devices have been investigated. Micro/nanofluid shows distinct features in transporting and converting energy similar to their counterpart macroscale tasks. In this paper, a series of micro/nanofluid-enabled energy conversion devices is reviewed based on the transformation between different forms of energy. The evaluation and contradistinction of their performances are also examined. The role of micro/nanofluid as media in micro/nano energy devices is summarized. This contributes to the establishment of a comprehensive and systematic structure in the relationship between energy conversion and fluid in the micro/nano scale. Some fundamental and practical issues are outlined, and the prospects in this challenging area are explored.

关键词： micro/nanofluid     different energy forms     energy conversion     medium role    

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Quorum sensing regulation methods and their effects on biofilm in biological waste treatment systems:

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第7期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1495-2

摘要：

• Quorum sensing enhancement and inhibition methods are summarized.

关键词： Quorum sensing     Biological waste treatment     Biofilm formation    

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Conversion of polyethylene to gasoline: Influence of porosity and acidity of zeolites

《能源前沿（英文）》   页码 763-774 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0897-1

摘要： Plastic waste is causing serious environmental problems. Developing efficient, cheap and stable catalytic routes to convert plastic waste into valuable products is of great importance for sustainable development, but remains to be a challenging task. Zeolites are cheap and stable, but they are usually not efficient for plastic conversion at a low temperature. Herein a series of microporous and mesoporous zeolites were used to study the influence of porosity and acidity of zeolite on catalytic activity for plastics conversion. It was observed that H-Beta zeolite was an efficient catalyst for cracking high-density polyethylene to gasoline at 240 °C, and the products were almost C4–C12 alkanes. The effect of porosity and acidity on catalytic performance of zeolites was evaluated, which clearly visualized the good performance of H-Beta due to high surface area, large channel system, large amount accessible acidic sites. This study provides very useful information for designing zeolites for efficient conversion of plastics.

关键词： plastics conversion     polyethylene     zeolites     acidity     porosity    

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Inhibition character of crotonaldehyde manufacture wastewater on biological acidification

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1403-9

摘要：

• The inhibition of the main organic pollutions in CMW was demonstrated.

关键词： Crotonaldehyde manufacture wastewater     Biological acidification     Volatile fatty acids     Inhibition     Toxic units    

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Gold modified cobalt-based Fischer-Tropsch catalysts for conversion of synthesis gas to liquid fuels

Alan J. McCue, Jura Aponaviciute, Richard P.K. Wells, James A. Anderson

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 262-269 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1334-5

摘要： The addition of Au as a promoter/modifier for alumina supported Co catalyst has been studied by combined high temperature, high pressure Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and on-line gas chromatography. The combination of these tools permitted the state of the active catalyst surface to be monitored while following the elution of reaction products during the first 5–7 h on stream of the catalyst. The catalysts under study were a 10%Co/Al O and a 2.5%Au/10%Co/Al O Samples were characterised before use using Raman and temperature programmed reduction (TPR). During the initial stages of reaction, hydrocarbons were built up on the surface of the catalyst as monitored by FTIR and the nature and amount of these species were assessed in terms of CH /CH ratio and the density of these alkyl fragments by employing absorption coefficients for the individual components. The nature and reducibility of the Co particles were modified by the presence of Au while the later also shifted the CO/H balance by acting as an effective water-gas shift catalyst during the early stages of reaction. This characteristic was lost during reaction as a consequence of redistribution of the two metallic phases.

关键词： gold modified catalyst     conversion of synthesis gas    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Biological conversion pathways of sulfate reduction ammonium oxidation in anammox consortia

Zhen Bi, Deqing Wanyan, Xiang Li, Yong Huang

期刊论文

Machinability of ultrasonic vibration-assisted micro-grinding in biological bone using nanolubricant

期刊论文

Microorganism-derived biological macromolecules for tissue engineering

期刊论文

Hydrogel photocatalysts for efficient energy conversion and environmental treatment

期刊论文

Low intensity ultrasound stimulates biological activity of aerobic activated sludge

LIU Hong, YAN Yixin, WANG Wenyan, YU Yongyong

期刊论文

Sustainable conversion regenerated cellulose into cellulose oleate by sonochemistry

期刊论文

Dynamic contribution of variable-speed wind energy conversion system in system frequency regulation

Yajvender Pal VERMA, Ashwani KUMAR

期刊论文

Overlooked nitrogen-cycling microorganisms in biological wastewater treatment

期刊论文

Mechanical behavior and semiempirical force model of aerospace aluminum alloy milling using nano biological

期刊论文

ROOT EXUDATES FROM CANOLA EXHIBIT BIOLOGICAL NITRIFICATION INHIBITION AND ARE EFFECTIVE IN INHIBITING

期刊论文

Micro/nanofluidics-enabled energy conversion and its implemented devices

Yang YANG, Jing LIU

期刊论文

Quorum sensing regulation methods and their effects on biofilm in biological waste treatment systems:

期刊论文

Conversion of polyethylene to gasoline: Influence of porosity and acidity of zeolites

期刊论文

Inhibition character of crotonaldehyde manufacture wastewater on biological acidification

期刊论文

Gold modified cobalt-based Fischer-Tropsch catalysts for conversion of synthesis gas to liquid fuels

Alan J. McCue, Jura Aponaviciute, Richard P.K. Wells, James A. Anderson

期刊论文